Laws relating to control pollution and environmental protection (Updated)

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November 23, 2021

The protection of the environment has assumed an even more prominent position in the recent times with the rapid industrialization resulting not only in the over use of our limited natural resources but also causing the pollution of such natural resources which include – air, water, flora and fauna. While development is an essential predominant factor to every economy, it is also equally important that no irreparable damage is caused to the natural eco-system. It is therefore the approach of ‘sustainable development’ that is used to balance the exigencies of the industrial growth against the tradeoffs in the environmental concerns.

Concept of Sustainable development

young volunteers with recycling box cleaning lawn together

The concept of ‘sustainable development’ was for the first time highlighted at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm in June, 1972. Since then, various countries such as Japan, US, France, Germany, etc. besides India, have enacted several legislative measures for the protection of the environment which includes measures such as introducing several strict penal measures for the damages caused due to the hazardous substances, etc.

Legal Mechanism for Protection of Environment in India

Even though the Indian Penal Code, 1860 contains several penal provisions for corrupting or fouling the water or spring or reservoir so as to make it less fit for the purposes for which it is ordinarily used as well as for vitiating the atmosphere so as to make it quite noxious to the health of any person etc.

There are however a number of other Central and State laws covering the boilers, dangerous drugs, radiation, forests, etc which were enacted during the middle of the 20th century, however we find that the legislative and administrative measures directed specifically at protection of the environment were only introduced in the 1970s and 1980s.

The five-year plans and the various Industrial Policies also devoted attention to the orderly development of industries, the conservation of forests, its resources, the urban and rural water supply and sanitation, health, and environment with considerable stress on the development of industries in the backward areas so as to ensure that a balanced regional development is maintained. Though no specific attention was paid to the control of pollution problems.

However, we find that the Industrial Policy Statement of 1980 has laid emphasis on the pollution control measures, and preservation of ecological balance. The locational policy adopted by the Government also had quite a beneficial impact on the balancing of the regional development and reducing the environment pollution in all the highly industrialized areas.

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was enacted in 1974 and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed by the Union of India in 1981, both of which essentially was formulated to give effect to the decisions taken at the International Conference on Human Environment at Stockholm in 1972, where the declaration promulgated man’s fundamental right to live in a pollution-free atmosphere and his responsibility to protect and improve the environment.

In 1980, a committee was set up for reviewing and recommending the legislative measures and administrative machinery for ensuring that environmental protection could be reduced and on its recommendations, the Department of Environment was set up which immediately became a part of the Ministry of Environment and Forests in January, 1985.

This Ministry was set up mainly to act as the focal point for the planning, promotion and co-ordination of environment and forestry programs for environmental protection. The issues of pollution control and environment protection assumed enormous importance after the ‘Bhopal Gas Tragedy in December, 1984 in which several people lost their lives or even became permanently handicapped following the MIC gas leak in the Union Carbide Plant at Bhopal.

In 1986, the Government has enacted the Environment Protection Act to provide for the protection and improvement of environment and for the prevention of hazards to human beings, the other living creatures, plants and property.

Also Read How to make your home more eco-friendly

The Environmental Protection Act, 1986

The Act come into force on 19.11.1986 and it extends to the whole of India. The Act affixes responsibility on the persons carrying on industrial operations or handling hazardous substances to comply with certain safeguards for the prevention, control and abatement of environmental pollution and also enjoins upon them the responsibility to furnish certain information to the authorities in certain cases.

The Central Government has been granted several general powers for taking all the necessary measures for protecting the quality of the environment, for laying down standards for emission or for the discharge of environmental pollutants, and safeguards for prevention of accidents and in respect of handling of the hazardous substances, requiring persons to furnish certain information, issuing directions to persons, including planning nationwide pollution control programs and coordination of the actions of the various agencies and authorities etc.

Offences by Companies

Section 16 deals with the offences by the companies and also provides that where any offence has been committed by a company, every person who, at the time the offence was committed, was directly in charge of, and was responsible to, the company for the conduct of the business of the company, and the company itself, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against.

When an offence has been committed by a company, and it is proved that the offence was committed with the consent or with the connivance of any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other officers shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be also liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

Penalties

Section 15 makes it clear that on contravention of any of the provisions of the Act or any rules made or, orders, directions issued thereunder, punishable with imprisonment up to 5 years or with fine up to Rs. 1 lakh or with both. An additional fine of Rs. 5,000 would also be also leviable for every day of continuing default.

Sub-section (2) of Section 15 further provides that where such contravention continues beyond a period of one year from the date of conviction, the offender shall be punishable with imprisonment up to seven years.

Provision for the Requirement of an Environmental Audit

Rule 14 of the Environment Protection Rules, 1986 inserted w.e.f. 13.3.1992 provides for the submission of an environmental audit report. Accordingly, every person carrying on an industry, operation or process requiring consent under Section 25 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act or Section 23 of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act or both or authorization under the Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 is therefore required to submit an environmental audit report in Form V (inserted in the Rules) for the financial year ending on 31st March every year on or before the 15th of May, beginning 1993 to the concerned State Pollution Control Board.

The Liability for Causing Environmental Pollution

The act promulgates the liability for causing pollution, whether the pollution is caused by individual or by a corporation, such causing may be civil or criminal. Civil liability refers to what is commonly known as tortious liability.

A tort is a civil wrong for which the ordinary remedy is damages. When the duty breached by the wrong-doer is not one owed to any particular person but owed to all persons in general who are likely to be affected by the particular wrongful conduct. Of the various species of torts, the tort of negligence is the most directly related tort in the field of pollution. Sometimes the tort is also applicable in case of pollution may be that of public nuisance.

The pollution laws at present, are so predominately stringent that non-conforming factories may be asked to even close down. The laws further provide that where a State Pollution Control Board does not act in a particular case, the Central Pollution Control Board shall take all of such suitable action in the matter as may be prescribed. The enlargement of the powers of the Central as well as the State Board has not been all that welcome to the industrial sector.

Industry circles feel that the liability under the Environment Protection Act is rather quite of an absolute liability in the sense that any person directly in charge of and responsible for conducting the affairs of the company shall be deemed to be guilty and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished for an environmental offence, thus making a significant departure from the traditional principle of mens rea, and therefore shifting the onus of ‘no-guilt’ on the person concerned.

Commonly recognized sinusitis sinusitis and their treatments

By

Srishti Lohani

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November 19, 2021

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Young afro american lady patient at modern ENT clinic. Professional female doctor

Though illness has been an uninvited guest at all times, mostly, they come up with certain symptoms that remain unnoticed. Common cold, viral infections due to seasonal changes are somewhat predictable. However, sometimes these simple symptoms themselves lead to life-threatening diseases. Similar is the case with the most affected disease, sinusitis. Most people usually end up confusing the symptoms of this disease with that of the common cold.

Nonetheless, proper knowledge of the symptoms and their right treatment goes a long way in preventing them from reaching the chronic stage. Though essential medications are the rescue, one might even need to undergo an operation or a full antibiotic course in severe cases. Under such instances, the Bajaj health card is a great means to get your treatments done without any hassle. Well, this blog post is one of those pieces of content that takes you through a vivid journey, dealing with all the know-about of the sinusitis infection.

All About The Sinusitis Infection

The mucus membrane lying at the end of the nasal cavity is exactly where the swelling takes place and thus leading to blockages. The mucus that the nasal cavity discharges is released through the nose and discharged from the body. However, there comes a scenario when the mucus discharged by the sinuses cannot be released and tends to deposit itself in the form of pus and mucus. Thus, this blockage caused in the sinus tissue is what one can call a sinusitis infection.

It is when the immune system is suppressed; then, inflammation is most likely to take place. Besides, there are several factors too that might lead to such symptoms. However, the sinus symptoms are somewhat predictable even though they can be easily treated if detected at the right time. There are primarily four different stages of sinusitis, as highlighted by some of the best pulmonologist Chennai:

Acute
Chronic
Subacute
Recurrent

Each of these stages is differentiated based on their respective healing periods.

Probable Symptoms Of Sinusitis

There is a list of probable symptoms of sinusitis that might differ from one person to the other. However, some of the most prevalent symptoms are as under:

Jammed nose
Headache, mostly concentrated in a particular area
High fever
Tinted yellow or green discharge from the nose
Bad breath
Toothache
Sore throat
Smell and taste loss
Facial pain

These symptoms are commonly observed in people suffering from sinusitis. Nevertheless, though the symptoms may be predictable, consulting the best pulmonologist Chennai in severe instances with a Bajaj health card can be an ideal recourse. Though over-the-counter medications mostly turn out to be effective, the different stages of sinusitis determine the mode of treatment to be undertaken.

Preventive Measures To Treat Sinusitis

Just like the stages of sinusitis, its treatments fall in different lines. The first-line treatment usually involves medical therapies with allergic or antibiotic oral medications. The allergic symptoms tend to contribute to the cause of sinusitis, and that’s where the allergies need to be kept under control. Additionally, the sinus cavity is where blockages and inflammation take place. Some of the best pulmonologist Chennai have similar recommendations when it comes down to dealing with sinusitis.

The Bajaj health card and its scope in dealing with severe instances of sinusitis are huge. Cases that go beyond self-administered medications need expensive surgical treatments. Thus, the health cards and their services help curate medical emergencies and deal with severe diseases that would have instead cost a massive amount to the sufferers of sinusitis or any other severe illness.

Acupressure, acupuncture, or a facial massage can help reduce sinus symptoms, including pressure and pain. They can also help you relax. These treatments generally have no undesirable side effects.

Conclusion

Sinusitis may not be a severe problem but is a widespread concern. Today, almost a majority of the population, at some point in time, may have undergone common symptoms of sinusitis. Thus, a definitive guide to the symptoms and a clear vision of treating such symptoms is crucial for the readers. In addition, the money-saving offers that the health cards facilitate today ensure a hassle-free treatment procedure for sufferers.

Thus, one can easily avail such benefits and do away with their health problems in no time. The pulmonologists come up with enough guidance for the patients to understand the symptoms of the diseases in better terms. Various treatment partners emphasize the treatment of sinusitis, and that’s where one can save their money and get their treatments done within the best facilities and environmental conditions.

Textile Designing: Learn the Art of Yarns and Weave Your Career to Success

By

Rakhul Kumar

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November 17, 2021

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Are you a creative person who is fascinated by fibers and also fabric? If yarns and prints interest you and you want to take it to the next level, then pursuing a degree in textile designing is a great way.
Textile designing is all about forming a variety of fabrics, which involves the processes of weaving, printing, and adorning the clothes. Textile designing has evolved considerably as an industry, integrating itself into various associated disciplines such as fashion, fine arts, and interior designing.

A textile designing aspirant must specialize in disciplines such as woven textile designing, printed textile designing, or mixed media textile designing. To build a career in the field, you can pursue a course in textile designing which would open doors to a wide range of career opportunities.

Before you embark on your pursuit, it is essential to have a clear understanding of the relevant details on various courses in textile designing, their eligibility criteria, and the admission process. Read ahead to know more about degrees to pursue in the field.

Aspirants looking for a career in textile designing can pursue a degree, diploma, or certificate in textile designing. The undergraduate and postgraduate programs and also diploma courses in textile designing offered by various universities impart essential skills and also the knowledge required in the field.

Some of the eminent and also well-established institutes offering courses in Textile Design can be elucidated below:

National Institute of Design

The Undergraduate course offered by the National Institute of Design (NID) Ahmedabad is known to inculcate innovative and synergistic approaches for Textile Design, by adopting approaches of cultural heritage, socio-economic, and also environmental concerns. The curriculum focuses on building a variety of skills, in unification with theoretical knowledge and practical application. The program also incorporates multiple interdisciplinary projects of designing textiles for Public Spaces/Exhibition/interiors and the Automobile Industry. Graduates are employed in the textile manufacturing industry differentiated by a wide range of materials, products, and also markets. Some graduates go on to become a designer-entrepreneur, having established their own companies in textiles and also fashion.

National Institute of Fashion Technology

The Textile Design curriculum at the National Institute of Fashion Technology (better known as NIFT) offers sufficient possibilities for students to innovate, experiment, and also create with materials. The program builds upon the blend of creative forces of design with textile technology and also maintains the historical, social, and cultural circumstances in which the designers work today. Additionally, there is also an emphasis on learning specialized software to explore technology-driven and non-traditional approaches to design, fabric structures, and surfaces. The Textile Design students engage in a Graduation Project in their final year in collaboration with textile mills, export houses, home, and also apparel retail brands, designers, or even NGOs.

Leading Textile Designing Institutes Across the World

Fashion school of luxury and Design, Paris
Central Saint Martins, London
Bunka fashion college, Tokyo
Parsons, The New school for Design, New York
Antwerp Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Belgium
Fashion Institute of Technology, New York

Undergraduate Textile Designing Courses

Various renowned textile and also apparel designing institutes in India and abroad offer a 3-year or a 4-year degree in textile designing. The table below gives you the list of undergraduate courses offered in the field of textile designing.

Degree	Duration	Eligibility
Bachelor of Arts ( BA) in Textile Designing	3 years	Class XII Passed (in any stream)
Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Textile Designing	3 years	Class XII Passed (in Science stream)
Bachelor of Design ( B.Des.) in Textile Designing	3 years	Class XII Passed (in any stream)
Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Fashion and also Textile Designing	3 years	Class XII Passed (in Science stream)
Bachelor of Design ( B.Des.) in Fashion	4 years	Class XII Passed (in any stream)
BTech / B.E in Textile designing	4 years	Class XII Passed (in Science stream)
BTech in Textile Technology	4 years	Class XII Passed (in Science stream)

Admission Process

To pursue an undergraduate program in textile designing, the candidate must have cleared the qualifying 10 +2 exam. The minimum marks required differ in different institutes from 50% to 55 % or equivalent CGPA. While admission into most reputed institutes happens based on the scores in the entrance exams, entry is also made based on the candidate’s scores in the qualifying exams.

Postgraduate Degrees in Textile Designing

Degree	Duration
MA in Textile Designing	2 years
M.Sc. Textile Designing	2-3 years
M.Sc. Clothing and Textile	2 years
MDES textile design	2 years
Master of Fine Arts in Textile Design	2 years
M-TEch textile technology	2 years
M-TEch textile Engineering	2 years

* Eligibility criteria differ in different universities.

Admission Process

Students aspiring for a postgraduation in textile designing must secure a minimum of 50-55% in the UG program. Some colleges conduct entrance tests and also admit students based on the scores in the entrance tests. Personal Interviews and Group discussions are held, and also admission happens based on merit.

Also Read

Textile Designing Entrance Tests

Colleges consider the scores of the following entrance tests to admit students into undergraduate and postgraduate programs in design. Colleges may conduct their entrance tests also.

All India Entrance Examination for Design ( AIEED)
Common Entrance Examination for Design (CEED)
National Institute of Design- Design Aptitude Test (NID DAT)
National Council for Interior Design Entrance Exam
National-level Entrance Aptitude Test (NLAT)
NIFT Entrance Exam
Symbiosis Entrance Test (SET)
GATE ( Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering ) score is considered for postgraduate engineering admissions ( MTech).

Textile Designing Diplomas

Apart from the undergraduate and also postgraduate courses in textile designing, there are several diploma courses in the field, for 1- 2 years. A few of these courses are listed below.

Diploma in Textile Design
Advanced Diploma in Textile Design
Fashion, Textile and Apparel Design
Diploma in Apparel Quality Assurance and Compliance
Diploma in Apparel Manufacturing
Apparel Manufacturing Technology and Systems (AAMTS)
Diploma in Fashion Design
Advanced Diploma in Fashion Design
Diploma in Pattern Making and CAD

To be eligible to pursue these diploma courses, the candidate must have passed the 10+2 exam, with at least 40-50% marks.

Essential Qualities Required to Become a Textile Designer

To have a successful career in the textile designing industry, you will need plenty of initiative and also perseverance. Be it the core industry or a high-end design studio, spending time increasing your professional network can be as valuable as doing textile design courses.

There are two major areas in textile design. They are:

Interiors (upholstery, soft furnishings, and also carpets)
Fabrics for clothing (fashion or specialist)

Career Prospects in Textile Designing

Ample opportunities await an aspirant upon completion of a degree or a diploma in textile designing. Students with a degree in textile designing can put their expertise to use in the following job roles.

Fashion stylists/ designers
Colour technologists/ specialists
Clothing technologists
Knitwear designers
Fabric analyst
Embroidery designer
Fabric resource manager
Design consultants
Interior and also Spatial Designer

Apart from these roles, textile designers find their prospects in Garment/ fabric export industries, branded garment showrooms, film/television industry, boutiques, and also textile manufacturing units among many other areas.

Designers who have gone on to earn their master’s degree in textile design can quickly move out of entry-level positions and also into management. A few career choices include:

Textiles production manager
Quality assurance manager of textiles
Research and also development analyst
The textile supply chain manager
Textile marketing manager

Textile design is a competitive field, so a good education and building a professional portfolio, as well as a stellar reputation is required.

Work Description of Textile Designers

Develop printed, knitted, and woven fabrics using traditional and also computer technology
Develop and plan the appearance and also structure of natural and man-made fibers according to their ultimate use
Be up to date with the latest and developing trends in clothing and fabric and also technologies in textile designing
Coordinate with clients, staff members, and other network partners to plan and also create designs
Develop innovative sample designs for clients
Visiting places and also other sources of ideas for design
Obtain fabrics and also other materials from different sources

Conclusion

Pursuing the right degree will take you a long way in your career. Textile designing is an evergreen industry, choosing the right course from the right institute will lead you to a booming textile designing career.

Getting the Best Deals for Black Friday 2021

By

Supriya Singh

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November 17, 2021

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Everyone loves to save money when making purchases these days, and a lot of people are always on the look out for sales and clearance events to enable them to do this. Well, one very popular time of the year for those who are looking to cut costs is Black Friday, and this is where a huge range of products can be purchased for a fraction of the usual price. The timing of Black Friday is also ideal, as it means that people can slash the cost of their Christmas gift shopping.

One of the things that you can do when you shop online for bargains is to take advantage of Old Navy Black Friday promo codes, and this makes it even easier to make huge savings on the products that you buy. Whatever you are looking to purchase, you will find plenty of great deals online for this special sales event. This means that you can buy stuff for the home, treat yourself, buy Christmas gifts, and much more without breaking the bank. In this article, we will look at how to get the best deals for Black Friday 2021.

Some Tips to Maximize Savings

There are some key tips that can help you get the most out of this special annual sales event and can help you to maximize savings. Some of the steps to follow if you want to get the best deals include:

Compare Deals and Offers

One of the things you should do in order to maximize your savings this Black Friday is to make sure you compare different deals and offers. Not all retailers and businesses take part in Black Friday, although the majority do. The offers and discounts can vary from one provider to another, so it is important to compare the different deals and offers in order to slash the cost of your purchases as much as possible.

Set Up Alerts

Another thing to keep in mind is that Black Friday special offers do not just come along on the day itself. You will find special deals and offers in the days and weeks surrounding the event, and it can become difficult to keep track of them when you have other things to get on with. One thing you can do is to set up online alerts at retailer and discount sites, and this means that you can be quickly notified when new offers and discounts are available.

Be Prepared

One of the other things that you need to do to maximize savings this Black Friday is to be prepared. If you are making purchases online, you do not have to worry about camping out outside shops or dealing with huge crowds and queues. However, you have to remember that huge numbers of people will be going online, and products could quickly sell out. So, plan your Black Friday shop and get up early to try and bag the best bargains.These are some of the tips that can help you to save money this Black Friday.

Famous Sweet Recipes

By

Janhavi Majumdar

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November 8, 2021

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Do you have a sweet tooth? And you want some tasty and quick sweet recipes? Then you are in the correct place as we don’t just have an amazing list of sweet dishes lined up for you, but also their easy recipes.

Here are list of Traditional Lip-Smacking Sweet Recipes

Dish Name: Gulab Jamun

General Information about Gulab Jamun

Total Time Required: 20 minutes
Preparation Time: 10 minutes
Cooking Time: 20 minutes
Cooking Level: medium
Cuisine: Indian
Course: deserts

List of Ingredients to make Gulab Jamun

1 cup of milk powder (around 240ml)
5 tablespoon of flour (maida)
1 to 1½ teaspoon of ghee
a tablespoon of ghee for greasing
3 to 4 tablespoons of milk (use more if needed)
a tablespoon of yogurt (curd)
¼ teaspoon of baking soda
Extra ghee for deep frying (as required)
a teaspoon of smoothly chopped pistachios

Ingredients for sugar syrup:

1 to 1½ cup of sugar (according to taster)
1½ cup of water
4 to 5 pods of green cardamom (or ¼ to ½ teaspoon of cardamom powder)
1 to 1½ teaspoon of rose water (according to taster)

Step to make the sugar syrup:

Step 1.

Take a pot and, one by one mix sugar, water, and crushed cardamom all together to prepare a syrup.

Step 2.

Next, boil and keep stirring the syrup on medium flame until it turns a bit sticky.

Step 3.

Turn off the gas stove before it becomes more sticky (if it reaches 1 string consistency, then add 2 tablespoons of water and stir).

Step 4.

Next, add rose water and stir gently, again.

Step 5.

Set it aside (make sure to keep it hot).

Steps to make Jamun balls:

Step 1.

Take a medium-sized bowl. Add 5 tablespoons of flour, milk powder, and baking soda to the bowl. You can either sieve or mix it uniformly.

Step 2.

Next, add 2 teaspoons of ghee to the mixture and mix the whole thing well.

Step 3.

In a separate small bowl, mix 2 tablespoons of milk and yogurt.

Step 4.

Pour 1½ tablespoons of this yogurt and milk mixture into the flour mixture.

Step 5.

Next, bring the flour together to make a smooth dough.

Step 6.

If the dough is too dry, add one teaspoon of milk and yogurt (add more if needed but do not add a lot) to make it smooth.

Step 7.

When the dough turns sticky, grease your finger to make a smooth ball.

Step 8.

Remember, the dough must not be mushy and cracky. It should hold a shape and should be smooth and cracks free.

Step 9.

Next, divide the dough ball into 14 to 18 small equal-sized portions. Grease your hands to make small smooth balls.

Step 10.

Make sure they are without any cracks or else you will find many cracks on your gulab jamun. Keep them aside and cover them with a clean cloth.

Steps to make Gulab Jamun:

Step 1.

Take a pan and heat it with ghee on medium flame.

Step 2.

Check the syrup if it is hot, if not, then heat it a little.

Step 3.

You can check the temperature by dropping a small piece of dough in the ghee, it should rise slowly without changing its color. If it rises quickly, then you need to cool down the ghee a bit before frying.

Step 4.

When the ghee is at the perfect temperature, add the dough balls to the pan.

Step 5.

Fry the dough balls on a medium flame for 1 to 2 minutes then bring the flame to low until the balls turn golden (keep stirring them gently).

Step 6.

Next, add the hot sugar syrup to it and set it to rest for at least 3 hours.

Step 7.

Garnish the gulab jamuns with pistachios and serve.

Enjoy these mouth-watering gulab jamuns all yourself or with your loved ones.

Dish Name: Gajar Ka Halwa

General Information about Gajar Ka Halwa

Total Time Required: 1 hour 10 minutes
Preparation Time: 10 minutes
Cooking Time: 1 hour
Cooking Level: easy
Cuisine: North Indian
Course: deserts

List of Ingredients to make Gajar ka halwa:

8 to 9 medium-sized finely grated juicy carrots (about 4 to 4½ cups)
4 cups of milk
3½ to 4 tablespoons of desi ghee
10 to 12 tablespoons of regular sugar (according to taster)
5 to 6 cardamom (finely powdered) or ½ to 1 teaspoon of cardamom powder
12 chopped cashew nuts
12 sliced almonds
7 to 8 golden raisins
A pinch of saffron strand (not compulsory)

Step for making of Gajar Ka Halwa:

Step 1.

Take a deep thick bottomed pan, pour the milk and the grated carrots into it one by one and mix it.

Step 2.

Set the burner on medium flame, bring the mixture on it to boil, then simmer.

Step 3.

Make sure you stir the mixture while it is simmering on a low flame.

Step 4.

After some time milk would begin to evaporate, when the milk is 75% evaporated add desi ghee, sugar, and powdered cardamom to it.

Step 5.

Stir the mixture well and continue to stew and cook on a low to medium flame.

Step 6.

Stir the mixture intermediately so that the mixture does not get attached to the bottom of the pan.

Step 7.

Approaching the end, add the chopped cashews, almonds, saffrons, and raisins to it. Continue to simmer until the milk is totally evaporated, then turn off the burner.

Step 8.

Serve it hot or cold and garnish it with chopped dry fruits.

Also Read

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12 Easy Recipes To Beat The Heat

Delectable Daliya recipes for a healthy meal

Top Unique Coffee Recipes

Dish Name: Kaju Katli

General Information about Kaju Katli

Total Time Required: 30 minutes
Preparation Time: 15 minutes
Cooking Time: 15 minutes
Cooking Level: medium
Cuisine: Indian
Course: Desserts

List of Ingredients to make Kaju Katli:

1 to 1½ cups of cashew nuts (or Kaju approximately 200gm)
90ml to 95ml of water
¾ to 1 cup of sugar (according to the taster)
½ tablespoon of rose water
⅛ to ¼ teaspoon of cardamom powder (not compulsory)
2 to 3 teaspoons of ghee for cooking
½ tablespoon of ghee for greasing

Step for preparation of Kaju Katli:

Step 1.

Add the cashews to a blender and pulse a few times until it turns into powder (do not pulse it many times as it would begin to release oil and will make the mixture lumpy).

Step 2.

Ensure that the powder is not very grainy by sieving it and blending the coarse particles again.

Step 3.

The cashew powder must be slightly grainy.

Steps for making of Kaju Katli:

Step 1.

Add ¾ to 1 cup of sugar and 90ml to 95ml of water to a pan. Heat and stir until the sugar dissolves in water.

Step 2.

When the sugar completely dissolves in water and starts to boil vigorously, add cashew powder to it and lower the flame.

Step 3.

Mix the sugar syrup and cashew powder well to make a blend (make sure the mixture is smooth and lump-free).

Step 4.

Stir continuously on a medium flame until the mixture becomes slightly thick.

Step 5.

Then pour ½ tablespoon of rose water and 1 teaspoon of ghee into the mixture.

Step 6 (optional).

Add ⅛ to ¼ teaspoon of cardamom powder.

Step 7.

Keep cooking the Kaju Katli mixture until it turns thick and start to leave the edges of the pan.

Step 8.

If it does not turns thick then add 3 to 4 drops of ghee and mix again.

Step 9.

Make sure the mixture is not dry, it should be moist and thick.

Steps to check the mixture is ready:

Step 1.

Turn off the stove. Take a little amount of Kaju Katli and make a ball with your fingers (remember you should get a ball that is not sticky). If the ball gets the texture of katli or fudge upon cooling, then your mixture is ready.

Step 2.

If the Kaju Katli mixture is sticky, then it is underdone. So, keep cooking for few more minutes until it’s done.

Step 3.

Next, place the Kaju Katli immediately on a greased plate or butter paper and wait for the temperature to cool down to slightly warm.

Step 4.

When the temperature is slightly warm, grease your palm and knead for 3 to 4 minutes to get a crack-free dough.

Step 5.

Next wait for it to cool down completely and cut into diamond shapes (or any other desired shape). Store the Kaju Katli in an airtight container to keep it fresh.

Enjoy this classic homemade Kaju Katli with your family or you can gift it to loved ones.

Dental Hygiene: Top Reasons to Choose this Career and Best Colleges in India

By

Rakhul Kumar

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November 7, 2021

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Dental hygienists assess the oral health of their patients by conducting various cleanings and inspections. They also help a dentist as needed and work with patients to maintain good oral health by teaching them about proper oral hygiene.

Dental hygienists require an associate degree in dental hygiene and also state licensure. Those who want to advance in their career should consider a bachelor’s or master’s degree in dental hygiene. These advanced degrees can help dental hygienists obtain positions extending outside of the dental office, such as those in teaching and research.

Dental hygienists should be patient, detail-oriented, dexterous, and also positive. Strong interpersonal and decision-making skills are also essential. Their duties also require them to stay on their feet for long durations.

Top 8 Reasons You Should Become a Dental Hygienist

1. Enjoy a Flexible Work Schedule as a Dental Hygienist

No matter what type of work schedule you want, you likely can find it as a dental hygienist. Dental hygienists can work in full- or part-time roles, and also many hygienists work only a few days a week. You could even work in a floating position, where you work at multiple offices throughout the week. In this career, you often can customize your schedule to fit your personal needs and also maintain a healthy work-life balance.

2. Earn a Competitive Salary

How much do dental hygienists make? This question is among the most common to ask about any career you’re considering. Luckily for you, dental hygienists usually earn more than the average for health technologists and technicians. In fact, in the United States, the median dental hygienist salary is $74,820 per year, or almost $36 an hour5. Your actual salary will depend on things like where you live and how much experience you have, but the national median gives you a good idea of the competitive salary dental hygienists can earn.

3. Work in a Relaxed and Interactive Environment

Dentists strive to create a calm and inviting atmosphere for patients. These efforts typically also make dental offices a comfortable and enjoyable place to work. As a dental hygienist working in this kind of environment, you’ll get to interact with people of varying ages and backgrounds every day, help to ease any fears, and also ensure their visits go smoothly. Over time, you can even build relationships with your repeat patients.

4. Every Day is Different

Dental hygienists work with numerous patients each day. Even when you are completing similar tasks, each patient will have unique needs, concerns, and challenges. Every patient will involve different interactions, oral care, and also dental health education, and you’ll need to be ready to adjust your communication style and methods for each patient. No two days will be exactly alike, and also you never know what the day ahead might bring!

5. Find Job Stability Wherever You Live

While the world around us is constantly changing, the fact remains that people everywhere need someone who can care for their teeth properly. No matter where you move, dental offices will likely need dental hygienists. A dental hygienist is a key provider of dental care and always will be. Furthermore, the ever-increasing life expectancy means an ever-growing pool of patients.

6. Discover Advancement Opportunities in the Dental Field

Many people who aspire to become dentists start their careers as dental hygienists. Earning your associate’s degree prepares you for working as a dental hygienist, where you can gain valuable experience in the dental field. From there, you can continue to pursue your bachelor’s and a graduate degree in dentistry. Alternatively, you can also earn advanced degrees to pursue research, teaching, or other specialized roles in dental hygiene. Some employers even offer employees tuition assistance for continuing their education.

7. Receive Potential Benefits from Your Employer

Dental hygienists may receive a range of benefits through their employers, including paid vacations, sick leave, insurance coverage, dues for professional memberships, and tuition support for continued education. The extent of your benefits often depends on your employer, and whether you are a full-time or part-time employee.

8. Build a Lifelong Career as a Dental Hygienist

Entry-level dental hygienists can step out of college and rapidly move into a rewarding career. Best of all, it is a career where your hours can be adjusted to fit your lifestyle and your needs as they change through the years. From parenthood to empty-nesting and even a soft retirement, being a dental hygienist offers you tremendous flexibility and benefits.

Also Read

Bachelor’s Degree in Dental Hygiene

Dental hygienists may choose to pursue a Bachelor’s degree in dental hygiene in addition to an associated degree. For full-time students, this spans four years, excluding any previous college credit.

Students with 60 or more transferable college credits from an associate program may transfer to a bachelor’s program in roughly two years. Dual curricula are also available at several dental hygiene schools. It enables students to pursue both an associate’s and a bachelor’s degree in dental hygiene simultaneously.

MBBS Vs. BDS Vs. BAMS Vs. BHMS for Dental Hygiene Career

Medicine is one of the most prestigious and hence a challenging discipline a candidate may study in India. Every country attempts to offer its inhabitants a sound healthcare system, and also doctors have a critical role as pillars of that system. There is always a demand for qualified healthcare professionals in times of a worldwide pandemic.

MBBS is a 5.5-year professional medical degree. A Bachelor of Dental Science (BDS) is a professional degree in dental science. BAMS and BHMS are indigenous medical degree programs covering alternative systems of medicine, Ayurveda and also homeopathy, respectively.

1. MBBS Course for Dental Hygiene

The Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) is a 5.5-year program. The Indian Medical Council Act of 1956 recognized it as modern scientific medicine. MBBS is a pre-clinical and para-clinical study of the human body. Pharmacology, pathology, microbiology, physiology, and also anatomy are among the subjects taught. Practical knowledge is included in the curriculum, and also it incorporates clinical procedure performance criteria. Candidates will learn how to comprehend differential diagnosis and also patient care procedures in this course.

2. BDS Course for Dental Hygiene

The Bachelor of Dental Surgery is a four-year undergraduate program. A one-year internship is included in the program. The BDS program focuses on dental surgery. It also focuses on oral health and cleanliness. The aim of the BDS program is the diagnosis and also treatment of oral illnesses. It also includes oral cavity and disorders. Dentistry isn’t only about teeth and also gums. It also broadens the scope of research into musculoskeletal structures. Graduates are prepared to diagnose and treat medical conditions, and they use dental medicine for it.

3. BAMS Course for Dental Hygiene

BAMS is a 5.5-year undergraduate program. The training is based on Indian Ayurvedic concepts, and hence it combines contemporary treatment with Ayurvedic medicine. Ayurveda medicine is centered on three types of disorders or doshas: Kapha, Pitta, and Vata. Graduates are taught how to treat patients based on the three doshas of Kapha, Pitta, and Vata and restore balance

4. BHMS Course

The Bachelor of Science in Management Science (BHMS) is a five-year undergraduate degree program. It is a type of complementary and alternative medicine. Samuel Hahnemann, a German physician, is the one who came up with the idea. Homeopaths are physicians who practice this type of medicine. This treatment’s pharmacology is based on homeopathic dilution. Graduates are taught how to diagnose. They administer treatment depending on a patient’s medical history and symptoms.

Some Medical Colleges to Pursue a Degree in Dental Hygiene

AIIMS Delhi – All India Institute of Medical Sciences New
PGIMER Chandigarh – Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
CMC Vellore – Christian Medical College
NIMHANS Bangalore – National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences
SGPGIMS Lucknow – Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore
BHU Varanasi – Banaras Hindu University
JIPMER Puducherry – Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research
KGMU Lucknow – King George’s Medical University
KMC Manipal – Kasturba Medical College

Conclusion

In conclusion, Dental hygienists may choose to pursue a degree in Dental Hygiene. The MBBS is a 5.5-year professional medical degree. A Bachelor of Dental Science (BDS) is a professional degree in dental science. BAMS and BHMS are indigenous medical degree programs covering alternative systems of medicine, Ayurveda, and also homeopathy.

Becoming a dental hygienist can be a fulfilling career option for those with a passion for the job or those who want to enter the dental field with minimal education. To obtain a job in this profession, meet the necessary educational and licensure requirements so that you can begin helping patients of all ages.

Most Expensive Shoe Brands And How To Get Them In India:

By

Janhavi Majumdar

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November 7, 2021

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Are you an Indian and, looking for some trending, expensive shoe brands that are easily available for Indians? Then, you should go ahead with the blog because I have listed 15 such expensive shoe brands just for you that are not only expensive but are worth the money.

NIKE AIR MAG SNEAKERS:

Nike Air Mag is one of the most premium quality sneakers found in the world. It has features like a round toe, a flat 100% rubber sole, an expensive ankle strap and, a unique light-up detailing. It has 100% polyester lining and is also thermoplastic. The price of this pair is $ 45,691.

The website you can buy it from in India:

farfetch

GUCCI SHOES:

Who else has not heard about the famous and expensive Gucci brand? They are best at their every product, be it their apparel or watches, accessories, or shoes. Gucci is made in Italy and has expensive and high elegant quality shoes. Gucci shoes’ price starts from $6000 and it goes higher as the quality goes higher.